Internal-combustion engine



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s p 1927 P. P. BOURNE ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 17.1924 I wuentow M W Mai own Patented Sept. .13, 1927,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILLIPS P. BOURNE, F WINCHESTER, AND OTTO NONNENBRUCH. OF BOSTON, MAS-SACHUSE'ITS, ASSIGNORS TO WORTHING'ION PUMP AND MACHINERY CORPORA- TION,OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed Kay 17,

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a novel cylinderconstruction, for engines of the above type, whereby the cooling waterpassages and chambers associated with the cylinder wall and head may beformed in a plurality of sections. An' important advantage of the resentconstruction consists in avoiding anger of distortion of the jacket wallat its points of attachment to the cylinder wall, which in priorconstructions has been caused by the greater longitudinal expansion ofthe cylinder wall 1:; than the jacket wall, because of the higherdegrees of heat to which it is subjected during engine operation. Inaddition to the above, this sectional construction PGIIIlltS readyaccess to the interior of the cylinder jacket for cleaning the chambersand passages therein, and at the same time, in engines of theprecombustion chamber type, permits ready access to the precombustionchamber by providing a sectional cylinder head in which the sectioncarrying the spray nozzle and top of the precombustion chamber may beeasily removed without disturb ing the other cylinder parts, thusenabling ready access to the interior of the precombustion chamber to behad, as well as'the cooling chamber and passages in the head, forinspection, cleaning, etc.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this s ecification, thereis shown or purpose of ilustration' a construction embodying all thefeatures of the invention in a preferred form, and this constructionwill now be described in detail in connection with said drawings, andthe novel features vforming the invention then be specifically pointedout in the claims.

In the drawin s I Figure 1 is an irregular vertical section of aprecombustion chamber internal combustion engine the section being takenon the line 1"1 of Fig. 2;

Figures 2 and 3 are sections on the lines 2-2 and 3-3 of Fig. 1; i

Figure 4 is a detail view showing in central section one of the castcylinder sections;

Figure 5 is a plan view 'ofthe section shown in Fig. 4; and

Figure 6 is a detail view, showing the 1924. Serial N0. 713,933.

joint between *the cylinder sections and its packing.

Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to Fig. l, the completecylinder with its head is made up of four separate castings '10, 11, 12and 13. The casting 10 includes the cylinder wall in which are formedthe usual exhaust and scavenging ports, scavenging air assage 1, andpart of the cooling water jacEet with inlet 2 therefor; the casting 11includes a part of the cylinder wall jacket and parts of two passages 4,4 leading into the head, while the castings 12, 13 indicate a split ortwo-part head construction, the part 12 thereof carrying the usual spraynozzle 5, the top 6 of a precombustion chamber, and a cooling wateroutlet 7 communicating with chamber 8 surrounding the precombustionchamber a,

which is formed integral with the ribs 9 extending to the outer wall ofthe section 13, as shown. The ring 11, above referred to, is mounted ona flange 16 on the wall of the jacketed section 10, and the sections 10,11 are secured together by screw bolts 17 having threaded engagementwith such flange. The split cylinder head, consisting of the sections12, 13, above described, is mounted on top of the cylinder, the casting13 being mounted on a flange 18 formed on the c linder wall, and thesection 12 of such ead being mounted on section 13. These two parts 12,13 are secured to the flange 18 above referred to by bolts 19 passingthrou h alined holes therein, and the part 12 may Tie further-secured toa flange 20, on the precombustion chamber a, by bolts 21.

As thus far described, it will be seen that a cylinder consisting of thefour cast sections 10, 11, 12 and 13, secured together as abovedescribed, will include the complete cylinder jacket wall. The jacketchambers are supplied with cooling liquid through inlet 2, and are incommunication by passages '4, 4* with chamber 8 in the section 13, andwith outlet passage 7 from such chamber formed in section 12. While itwill be obvious that a cylinder thus constructed will be as durable inuse as cylinders heretofore constructed, and in addition have theadvantages above pointed out as to accessibility, the parts wil ofcourse, be subjected to different degrees ofheat m engine operationwhich will set u torsional stresses. To prevent danger of distortion ofthe jacket wall, therefore, due to longitudinal expansion of thecylinder wall in excess of that of the jacket wall or other parts, acertain degree of excess expansion of such cylinder wall is provided forin the present arrangement by roviding a resilient packing between theange 18 and a flange 23 formed on the section 11. Although other packingmaterial may be used with equal advanta e, a rubber packing ring 24:, ofcircular or other form, is preferred, which when compressed will assumethe shape shown in Fig. 6. As the parts between which this packing isinterposed are cooled by the circulating cooling water, injury thereofdue to heat will not occur for a considerable time, and in any eventsuch packing may readily be replaced.

It will be seen from the foregoing that a complete engine cylinder, withwater jacket,

- including the inlet and outlet passagesjherein, as well .as thescavenging air passage,

. exhaust ports, etc. may be made up of but four separate main castingsseparable on a line transverse to the axis of the cylinder, while eachof the castings may be readily formed so that when the parts areassembled they willaccurately fit together to form a complete operativestructure, with the cylinder wall'carrying the head independently of thejacket section, while the resilient packing interposed between thecylinder wall and its adjacent jacket section will permit sufiicientlongitudinal expansion of the former to prevent danger of distortion ofthe jacket or cylinder wall. The split head and sectional cylinderconstruction will permit of ready access to the precombustion orinjection chamber and the cooling cham bers and passages in the head andcylinder, for inspection, cleaning, etc. I

It will be understood that the number and form of the sections may bevaried in carrying out the invention, and various other changes made inthe construction of the parts herein shown and described, while stillretaining the invention defined by the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A cylinder for internal combustion engines consisting of a sectionincluding the cylinder wall a d a part of the water jacket of theengine, a cylinder head, a separate jacket section intermediate saidhead and cylinder wall section, and means interposed between the end ofthe cylinder wall and said intermediate jacket section for permittinglongitudinal expansion of the cylinder wall with respect to saidintermediate section without distortion.

2. A cylinder for internal combustion engines consisting of a castsection including the-cylinder wall and a portion of the jacket of theengine, a two-part head section mounted on the end of the cylinder wall,a

neeaaes separate jacket section intermediate said head and cylinder wallsections, and resilient packing between the cylinder wall and saidintermediate jacket section for permitting heat expansion withoutdistortion.

3. In a cylinder for internal combustion engines, a two-part cylinderhead and a cooling water chamber therein, the line of separation betweensaid head parts being in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis ofthe cylinder and extending through the cooling water chamber within saidhead.

4. In a cylinder for internal combustion engines, an injection chamber,and a twopart cylinder head, the line of separation between said headparts being a straight line lying in a. plane transverse to the lonitudinal axis of the cylinder, the inner ead part including theinjection chamber and the guter part including the top for said cham- 5.In a cylinder for internal combustion engines, a spray nozzle, atwo-part cylinder head, a coolingwater chambertherein, and an injectionchamber, the line of separation betwen the head parts being in a planetransverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and extendingthrough the cooling water chamber enclosed within said head, the inner 7head part including an injection chamber,

and the outer head part including a top for said chamber and a spraynozzle.

6. In a sectional cylinder for internal combustion engines, a two-partcylinder head, a cooling water chamber, an outlet chamber, and aninjection chamber, theline of separation between said head parts beingin a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder andextending through the cooling water chamber enclosed within said head,one of said head parts having said injection chamber formed therein, andthe other of said head parts having formed therein a top for saidinjection chamber and the cooling water outlet.

7. A sectional cylinder for internal com bustion engines, consisting ofa plurality of sections separable on lines transverse to thelongitudinal axis of the cylinder, said sections including parts of thecooling water jacket of the en ine, a two-part cylinder head for saidcyfinder, dividing said head into an inner head part and an outer headpart, the line of separation between said head parts being transverse tothe longitudinal axis of the cylinder and extending through the coolingWater chamber enclosed within said head, the inner head part includingan injection chamber, and the outer head part including a top for saidinjection chamber.

8. A sectional cylinder for internal combustion engines, consisting of aplurality of sections separable on lines transverse to the longitudinalaxis of the cylinder, said sections including parts of the cooling waterjacket of the engine and a two-part cylinder head divided so that itssection of division is a plane section, one of said head parts includingan injection chamber and the other head part a top for said chamber, andmeans for permitting unequal expansion of said cylinder sections withrespect to each other without distortion.

9. A sectional cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising asection including the cylinder Wall and part of the water jacket of saidengine, a cylinder head, and a intermediate said head and cylindersection,

said sections belngarranged to register to form a cylinder coolingchamber having water passages communicating therewith said intermediatesection being separable from the cylinder section on a line transverseto the longitudinal axis of the cylinder for access to the cylindercooling chamber. In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands.

PHILLIPS P. BOURNE. OTTO NONNENBRUCH.

